good morning and welcome to the deanery garden at canterbury cathedral on this thursday the 4th of november i'm sitting exactly where i was yesterday but fetch has come down onto the ground so that you actually see all the leaves of the trees around me and it was a lovely thing walking through the leaves that lovely sound of dried leaves and the colors at your feet and also that the the scent of the leaves that you you rise as the as you raise as you as you actually walk through them at the same time this is the feast that we were talking about the other day of diwali and we wish all our friends across the world and particularly in india and the areas where this feast becomes an enormous feast of light it's it's a sense of the the completion of the harvest but is also a feast of light of lighting lights and candles and lanterns in order in the same way to um bring light into the darkness as the darker days begin to approach so to those of the hindu faith and those of the sikh faith of the jains and and also are many buddhists too this feast is one of light in darkness and we send our greetings to them today and give thanks for that we ourselves at this time like many lights because this is still what we call the octave the eight days after all saints day when we're thinking of the lights which the saints lives themselves have created for our world and i've got a candle here i it may stay a light but it's quite a windy day but it's a good day to light it because it's not a blue sky today and i don't think it will be very sunny so i'm going to try to light this and if if we are if we're lucky the uh the candle may stay alight here we are i'll just give it a a chance to stay alight that is a pure beeswax candle and we remember that a beeswax candle is carbon neutral in the way it burns because of its total purity we remember the effort of the hive in going to create all of that and in a way it makes us when whenever we light a candle here's another little beeswax candle which is so beautiful that we've not yet lit it um but whenever we light a beeswax candle i think we're careful of it and know that there's no waste and and it's it's the cleanest kind of flame you can have but it makes us careful of extinguishing it at the the right time um so that we we don't waste a beeswax candle and our own bees in their hives are creating that all the time our son today also starts to talk about the honey that they create one remembers that that half a teaspoon full of honey represents the life of a bee and and we might say the same about the wax but we give thanks for that and we give thanks that some forms of energy burning are carbon neutral and all around me these leaves falling into the ground as the trees lose their leaves and they lose them at different speeds so i've got in front of me the liquid amber that we were talking about and many of the leaves are still on that the walnut has lost all its lower leaves now and you won't see but there's a ginkgo biloba here which has all its leaves still intact and may still turn the colours of autumn but the trees we described yesterday are are much nearer to you and perhaps we might mention the pride of india because we are thinking very much of the indian people today not only because of diwali but also because of the sense of cop 26 talking about the burning of coal and the attempt to in the end eradicate the burning of coal as a source of energy but that is a huge huge task for many nations and yet there is a signing up and commitment to that from across the world at this time and we'll continue with that in our reflections but let's say our prayers on this morning as we we think about these things oh lord open our lips and our mouth shall proclaim your praise make christ the day star dawn in our hearts and triumph over the shades of night blessed are you creator of all to you be praise and glory forever as your dawn renews the face of the earth bringing light and life to all creation may we rejoice in this day that you have made as we wake refreshed from the depths of sleep open our eyes to behold your presence and strengthen our hands to do your will that the world may rejoice and give you praise blessed be god father son and holy spirit blessed be god forever the night has passed and the day lies open before us let us pray with one heart and mind as we rejoice in the gift of this new day so may the light of your presence oh god set our hearts on fire with love for you now and forever amen our psalm on this fourth morning of the month is psalm 19 the heavens are telling the glory of god and the firmament proclaims his handiwork one day pours out its song to another and one night unfolds knowledge to another they have neither speech nor language and their voices are not heard yet their sound has gone out into all lands and their words to the ends of the world in them has he set a tabernacle for the sun that comes forth as a bridegroom out of his chamber and rejoices as a champion to run his course it goes forth from the end of the heavens and runs to the very end again and there is nothing hidden from its heat the law of the lord is perfect reviving the soul the testimony of the lord is sure and gives wisdom to the simple the statutes of the lord are right and rejoice the heart the commandment of the lord is pure and gives light to the eyes the fear of the lord is clean and endures forever the judgments of the lord are true and righteous altogether more to be desired are they than gold more than much fine gold sweeter also than honey dripping from the honeycomb by them also is your servant taught and in keeping them there is great reward who can tell how often they offend oh cleanse me from my secret faults keep your servant also from presumptuous sins lest they get dominion over me so shall i be undefiled and innocent of great offence let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in your sight oh lord my strengths and my redeemer a good psalm for this morning when we are thinking of the way in which we can keep our planet in all its aspects clean from that which is threatening our climates and threatening the very uh future of humankind and so many other kinds of life across the planet and our prayers of course are for those making hard decisions for us in glasgow still on this fourth day of the cop 26 conference yet the way in which these metaphors are used of the sun rising and giving light and giving heat and warmth and at the same time likening in metaphors the law of the lord in its perfection not only to the light in the midst of darkness but also in the sense of the fear of the lord is clean and endures forever the judgments of the lord are true and righteous altogether it's like a fine line of measurement going down through in the the way in which we think about things but then the likeness is the metaphors are of gold and of honey the psalmist in those days can think of nothing more pure than gold and honey in order to give us that sense of how the psalmist is wanting us to think about the law of the lord well let's go on into our lesson this morning we're continuing in the book of the exodus and we've got to a very significant moment in the next two days with the story that's told we shall see not only something deep in the roots of the history of the people and culture in which jesus grew up and lived the whole of his human life but also one of the greatest metaphors of faith used throughout the scriptures and this sense of the children of israel facing the barrier of the red sea and suddenly wondering now what will happen next the danger is behind but there seems also to be an uncrossable way in front and their hearts fail we're at chapter 14 and i shall read up only to verse 14. then the lord said to moses tell the people of israel to turn back and encamp in front of pi hahiroth between migdol and the sea in front of baal zephon you shall encamp facing it by the sea for pharaoh will say of the people of israel they are wandering in the land the wilderness has shut them in and i will harden pharaoh's heart and he will pursue them and i will get glory over pharaoh and all his hosts and the egyptians shall know that i am the lord and the people did so when the king of egypt was told that the people had fled the mind of pharaoh and his servants was changed towards the people and they said what is this that we have done that we have let israel go from serving us so pharaoh made ready his chariot and took his army with him and took 600 chosen chariots and all the other chariots of egypt with offices over all of them and the lord hardened the heart of pharaoh king of egypt and he pursued the people of israel while the people of israel were going out defiantly the egyptians pursued them all pharaohs horses and chariots and his horsemen and his army and overtook them encamped at the sea by pi hajiros in front of bale zephon when pharaoh jr the people of israel lifted up their eyes and behold the egyptians were marching after them and they feared greatly and the people of israel cried out to the lord they said to moses is it because there are no graves in egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness what have you done to us in bringing us out of egypt is not this what we said to you in egypt leave us alone that we may serve the egyptians for it would have been better for us to serve the egyptians than to die in the wilderness and moses said to the people fear not stand firm and see the salvation of the lord which he will work for you today for the egyptians whom you see today you shall never see again the lord will fight for you and you have only to be silent very hard lesson indeed but for the people with the imminent danger coming from behind them and they've turned and camped there and the seemingly impassable waters in front of them then they do what we do ourselves when we're afraid we not only have fear and want to flee for safety but it seems to the israelites now that there is no way for safety either forward or back they're surrounded by danger and so they turn to blame it's a natural reaction for all of us in fear and in helplessness we turn on one another and the quality of that fear suddenly becomes uh burning anger or blame or why did you do this or why did you lead me into this situation or it was you that could have saved this and you've actually brought us to this particular position we all know those situations and we've given the first half of this metaphor of humankind if you like in danger but also as i've said the whole chapter will become a great sign and image not only of an historic event which happened to that particular people way back but also something which is a sign of danger being faced at any time and what happens to us when we're in a state of fear and helplessness to turn on the leaders is another activity here you were the one who took the initiative they say to moses why did you even bother to bring us would be better to die in egypt were there no graves in egypt that you brought us here to die in the wilderness in these awful circumstances it would have been so much better and then there's a sense also and we're good at this too of we told you so we told you so back then this was a foolish venture and you brought us out and you've needlessly angered those we were ready to serve we didn't know how many of the people were feeling like that but my guess is a great number and in their hearts and minds they had the sense of the care of their families the care of their children the care of their flocks and their livestock all of that and the sense of there being absolutely no future they'd come to an absolute am pass which they themselves felt they could do nothing about and moses would have agreed with that but he had only his faith to say the lord will act for you you have only to wait and be silent hard counsel at this particular time it's a defining moment and stories like that are towed in very different cultures because this will come into one of the defining moments of the culture of the children of israel so many moments in the psalms as they go through mention places on the journey and really to get a good understanding of all the things that the psalmist is saying one has to know there's stories of genesis and of exodus and to use them as signs and images just as jesus himself did and also as in the epistles those who are writing from the same culture that jesus himself came from although they are now carrying that light into every culture in the world and learning from them also and as they do so they use images from the past and sometimes if we don't know those stories we're puzzled by what on earth is islam is talking about in this particular historic psalm if you're you're looking at psalm 105 or 106 there's great stories coming through but we've seen sometimes it just comes in one verse harking back to that moment a sign when they had to wait for god to act and the only thing they had was their faith and their hope but on this occasion of the three great qualities which sin paul lists in 1 corinthians 13 now abideth faith hope love these three but the greatest of these is love that is the one that's challenged most in that human society facing huge danger fear and beginning to turn around in a culture of blame we remember all of that on this day as we we begin to to reflect on the activity of that climate conference so crucial for our world on day four and day four is a day about energy i created some energy this morning by lighting the candle here a leaf has fallen in here i'll take it out in case it's hiding the candle light for you the trees are dropping the leaves and i should have said that as they drop then all that carbon that they've trapped within themselves and done such good in giving out lovely clean things and taking within themselves and then dropping into the ground and with the help of fungi and all sorts of other things beginning to return all of that trapping the carbon and bringing minerals into the into the good earth what we learn is that if we work well in partnership with the planet then the planet works well with us i think we've seen some of that even let's go back to india for a moment even the streets of new delhi which and delhi was com is is a city which so often faces pollution of terrible kinds because of the immense amount of burning coal for the energy there it's it's the prime source of giving energy in in that way but during the lockdown then the air began to clean itself and that happens quite quickly when things shut down but of course economic life ceases as well and then threats of different kinds appear at the moment that lesson has given us a danger from behind and seemingly no way forward through the waters well the leaders at the moment in glasgow are trying to find a way forward for our planet to escape a terrible danger which is seeming to go step by step after us because of activity sometimes completely unconscious activity when people two centuries ago began to burn coal to create energy and we now know of course that coal is what you might call the dirtiest form of creating energy and you only have to see that the smoke stacks are rising and and going through various areas of of the the country when i was growing up when we used to take the train across to my aunt who lived in mumbles beyond swansea and one went through port albert and the great stacks there but if one had gone into different areas of the industrial revolution in the united kingdom particularly in the midlands at that time also that burning of coal as was something which was both polluting the air but also damaging the health of so many now so much of that has been transformed into clean energy and that kind of use of electricity um has has transformed what what has what was damaging not only people's health but damaging the planet and everything around it as well but across the world of course there are great centers of the burning of coal still but all of us if we're talking about energy we have not only to think of coal but oil and gas as they burn to because things have to be moved for the economy of great nations the the grid and transportation and buildings and industry all need power and finding sources of renewable energy that the planet's life becomes sustainable is one of the most puzzling and difficult things of all and yet as sir david attenborough reminded us we as a human race are the most able at problem solving that has this planet has ever seen we create problems but when we recognize them we are able fast to set about solving them and what we're seeing at the moment is a worldwide realization of the problem that has been created these are great problems needing great solutions but in terms of our national life last year was the first year that no coal burning fuel was used in the grid and 10 years ago that would have seemed absolutely impossible but we've got to that point at the same time small steps taken by us in turning off lights or using different methods to create energy here's a little basket which is a present from a friend of ours nicola when she goes into the woods she picks up little pine cones and dips them in the beeswax where no paraffin is used many or um in candles that you buy in shops are made of paraffin which is certainly not uh carbon neutral but these are these become fire lighters as they're they're they're put on to the the fires of the the small wood fires which might heat a room in the house but at the same time um we have here some soap made of the the same kind of of wax these are tiny steps and yet tiny steps from everyone in the realization that we're all in this together mean an encouragement to leaders to look across the planet and see that this is a danger not just for one nation as we saw in our lesson from the exodus but a crucial danger for us all stretching out and the the time for action as we're reminded by everyone again and again the time for words and decisions maybe now but the time for action has to be now it can't just continue to be words all of these things we we think of day by day and because this is the feast of diwali and our thoughts were on india i could go to any of the nations and and a sense of blaming one another for where we are is an impossibility encouraging one another where we are to take steps forward but also that encouragement needs financial backing for those who have financial resources across the world and those nations are very aware of who they are but let's just look at india which at the moment is using an enormous amount of coal burning in order to get very necessary energy for its grid its transportation is building its industry 75 of the energy for those is taken from coal and oil and gas but already there are signs of life because india is full of the ability to have solar power and that is now being utilized the sun shines constantly in that time but then there's another help to this and the planet is helping us again because at times of the year like the monsoon or periods when the sun is not shining then the wind does blow and across those areas there um one can have wind power too all of those things are being uh um developed in in a great way so that the huge coal faces and the huge [Music] amounts of smoke and being and carbon being emitted not only into their atmosphere to the damage again and the damage again of the health of the people but also the health of of the world that we've been given by the creation that great danger which is following us up is not something that there isn't a solution for and yet it's a solution that is going to take time and small steps and large steps and huge amounts of help from one nation to another because by stopping one form of uh of energy creation you're taking away quite often economic livelihood for people who've used that in in in their lives to feed their families and so all of these things need a balance right across the nation and at the same time we're seeing the opening up of a certain sort of blame game some leaders saying well i don't need to be in glasgow to for our nation to be doing that and you are in glasgow speaking fine words and your nation's not doing that so that actually is a natural human kind of of of response whenever we're blamed but one thinks of the wild fires happening right across the world and huge ones in siberia all of those things every nation is affected in this way water's drying up and water's becoming so dangerous with the ways in which the ocean because of storms is is uh threatening the islands and the in the pacific and we heard yesterday the speech which we put online which was spoken on monday by the prime minister of barbados now many many words are being spoken and it can be quite confusing but today is the day when we think of energy and also maybe in our own lives we think how can we how can we save energy and also encourage others to do the same as the realization of the dangers that humanity is facing at the moment and our whole planet is facing at the moment become very very apparent so much to think of but uh i we've watched a a a lovely little video clip of someone explaining the problems in india and the solutions and he took us to koba which is the the coal mining center there and the the place where so much is coal is burned and he also took us to kutch where uh wind power solar power is being used well um his hopeful sentence was for every koba there is a coach but we have to encourage nations that are going forward in that way by saying well we have resources to help you and they're mostly financial resources which then can help with that development of clean energy if we go to another part of the world canada with its enormous forests uh and canada has has now put a tax on pollutants and those using them find themselves paying a heavy tax to be doing that and then the money raised by that tax go into the creation of renewable forms of energy which gives more clean air this is an energy day and we can't go to too many nations across the world but you can on on the news bulletins and just see what's happening so that we become utterly aware can talk about it and have that realization of the danger in our own lives these problems at a local level even within the precincts themselves need policy decisions at government levels which allow a certain kind of freedom um here 20 years ago we were looking at ground source heat and seeing if we could go down to create and now here archaeology is simply not allowed because of what might be below the surface of the ground in historic terms and then we were looking at solar panels on the roof of the cathedral and that too absolutely not allowed from conservationists because of the way in which that would affect the the look of the cathedral or trying to plant trees and that would affect the landscaping of the cathedral now the trees actually are now accepted and everyone is seeing the massive benefit of the planting of trees but also the beauty of the context that they give around such places as this what i'm trying to say is that all these decisions actually need government policies to allow people to be going forward to do things which will bring renewable energy and a place like this is a case in point when we have to make decisions at a local level in our own community as a dean and chapter in order to be able to go forward to create a cleaner climate and give encouragement to others to do the same some things uh if if you're doing them are so expensive that you think yes that will be very good but the the the biomass boiler which was looked at it's so expensive that you couldn't possibly sustain it in economic terms here but at the same time of course we are still exploring this way and that and if we're problem solving when you go back to the sense of new technologies particularly with uh batteries and things of that kind so that electrical energy can be been sourced in the pandemic medical decisions meant that many many innovations came in really fast because of the dangers that people knew were there now we're in a completely different kind of danger and i'm sure that humanity can begin to get solutions which will solve those problems so at this time we pray on this energy day for all the decisions that have been made about how we find energy and how we still keep a clean planet and face off the danger so let's say our prayers on this particular day and uh on this day we are with the diocese continuing to pray for the leaders we're doing all that together rather than praying for the parishes the leaders in in making their decisions in glasgow among whom of course is the archbishop of canterbury uh our diocesan bishop we pray for him and for bit rose bishop of dover emma bishop at lambeth but in the anglican communion we pray for the diocese of harare in zimbabwe and i myself think of that that beautiful city and that lovely granite cathedral there with its egg-shaped font which when you go in uh is is big enough for people to step down into the waters there and to preach also in harare cathedral to the people there and i i remember this well there are four great pillars which have been carved uh wooden candlesticks and up them are the stories of all the four evangelists uh growing up very different matthew mark luke and john and the stories which occur in each of them so nice memories of harare and we we pray for the life of harari cathedral and the diocese of harare on this day we're still using the collect for the all saints tide as we say our prayers this morning bring your own intentions and prayers from across the world almighty god you have knit together your elect in one communion and fellowship in the mystical body of your son christ our lord grant us grace so to follow your blessed saints in all virtuous and godly living that we may come to those inexpressible joys that you have prepared for those who truly love you through jesus christ our lord amen so each in our own language right across the world we say thee our father our father who art in heaven hallowed be thy name thy kingdom come thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us and lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil for thine is the kingdom the power and the glory forever and ever are men moment of reflection now as we say our own prayers [Music] foreign [Music] so oh [Music] is [Music] r [Music] me [Music] uh [Music] [Applause] [Music] oh [Music] the peace of god which passes all understanding keep your hearts and minds in the knowledge and love of god and of his son jesus christ our lord and the blessing of god almighty the father the son and the holy spirit be upon you upon those whom you love and those whom you would pray for today and always arm end well despite the strong wind we've kept our light burning and that little light is shining here in the gray morning here in england coal coal is a black or dark brown combustible rock made primarily of carbon it was formed millions of years ago when ferns plants and trees died and fell into swamps the swamp conditions prevented the organisms from decaying completely and after millions of years of intense heat and pressure coal was formed coal is classified into four main types or ranks based on carbon and heat content lignite sub-bituminous bituminous anthracite the general rule is that the higher the grade of coal the cleaner it burns and the more versatile its use is coal is extracted from the earth through underground mining or surface mining the choice of mining method is largely determined by the geology of the coal deposit and its distance from the surface underground mining currently accounts for a larger share of world coal production than surface mining coal can be burned for heating or to produce electricity to convert thermal cool to electricity it is first milled to a fine powder which increases the surface area and allows it to burn more quickly the hot gases and heat energy produced from combustion converts water into steam to run a turbine and generator high quality coal is also a useful raw material for example it can be converted to coke for steel making coal can also be converted to liquid or synthetic gas by advanced chemical processes making it a possible but costly replacement for natural gas or liquid fuels for transportation coal is a highly abundant and cheap energy resource coal has powered the industrialization of many nations over history and continues to today it is a big player in today's energy system providing 40 percent of the world's electricity one major concern with coal is the mining practices used to extract the resource ecological impacts and human safety issues both for workers and neighboring communities are growing concerns for the industry coal is the most co2 intensive fossil fuel when combusted because it is composed largely of carbon coal also contains other elements that cause pollution problems including sulfur nitrogen mercury and heavy metals sox is a leading cause of acid rain and nox emissions contribute to smog in addition particulates from coal combustion can be harmful to human health concerns about climate change from greenhouse gas emissions have put a spotlight on coal plants and have prompted the development of clean coal technologies like carbon capture and storage that's cool here's something weird all the coal in the world was made at the same time it was all made during one brief period of geological history it started abruptly 360 million years ago and it stopped abruptly 300 million years ago like if you drill a hole into the ground you'll pass through geological layers or strata it's like traveling back in time and eventually you'll reach the coal strata and that strata is in the same position everywhere around the world because all the coal in the world was made at the same time but why well to understand you need to know about the nutrient cycle plants pull nutrients from the soil and from the air and combine them into larger molecules that they use to live and then when plants die they decompose those larger molecules break down into smaller molecules and those nutrients are returned to the soil so that new plants can grow and use them except that plants can't decompose on their own you need to bring in these decomposers basically fungi and bacteria that are good at breaking down these larger structures into small nutritious pieces that return to the soil and they derive some energy from that and that's how they live so that's the nutrient cycle so let's go way back in time to a period before there were trees so there are plants but there aren't trees yet and some plant comes along that figures out or invents right through the process and anthropomorphizing but through the process of evolution they come up with the ability to make some molecules called lignins and lignins are a revolution they're amazing they're these structural molecules they're the molecules that give trees their strength it's the essence of wood and they confer an amazing advantage on the plants that can produce lignins and so this ability spreads all around the world really quickly suddenly you've got woody plants and trees everywhere it's actually quite a good analogy for the human invention of plastic it's like wow this is amazing let's just put it in everything and then oh my god why won't it go away so these lignins are novel nothing has been seen like it before on earth and it's novel to the fungi and bacteria as well they've never seen anything like it they don't know how to decompose it so these new trees when they die and fall over they just lie there the bacteria in the fungi look at it i don't know what to do with these lignins never seen it before and so these dead trees just pile up on top of each other they get squished it sticks around for long enough undecomposed by fungi and bacteria that don't know what to do with it that it turns into fossils it turns into coal and then 60 million years later some bacteria or fungus figures out through the process of evolution how to break down lignins and again it's a revolution it confers an amazing advantage onto the bacterium fungi that can do it because it's a new source of food so it spreads like wildfire around the world and essentially cuts off the production of coal it's probably my favorite example of the way that the geological layers of the earth can tell us interesting stories about our ancient history but here's a related question where does a tree come from like where does the mass of a tree come from you might think well trees grow out of the ground so the mass of a tree is slowly pulled out of the ground as it grows but that's not true like a tiny bit of the mass of a tree comes from the ground but most of it comes from the air because most of a tree is made of carbon so trees draw carbon dioxide through their leaves and it pulls the carbon dioxide molecules apart separates into carbon and oxygen it holds onto the carbon it adds it to the structure of its body and it releases the oxygen as a gas and that process is driven by energy from the sun so in a sense a tree is locking up solar energy into those carbon bonds by separating the carbon from oxygen and that's why coal is such an effective fuel because if you want to release that locked up solar energy all you have to do is reunite the carbon inside with the oxygen in the air that it was separated from in the first place and that's what we do we burn coal to produce carbon dioxide and that's a problem we know this carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and climate change is a real problem so what do we do well we can and i believe we should try to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that we produce but maybe at the same time we should be looking at ways to draw carbon dioxide out of the air in the way that trees do in fact maybe we should be planting trees so that they can pull the carbon dioxide out of the air for us except that we're not doing that we're cutting down more trees than we planned this is just a short video it doesn't have a sponsor but there is something personally really important to me that i want to tell you about it's about the largest youtube collaboration in history and i'm really proud to be a part of it it's all about planting trees and there's loads of other youtubers involved in fact this probably isn't the first time you're hearing this message because all these videos are coming out at exactly the same time the goal is to plant 20 million trees it's called team trees each tree costs a dollar so we need to raise 20 million dollars it's a crazy idea but i think it's possible i wanted to get involved because i wanted to add my voice to the chorus but also i thought if i could tell an interesting science story that might be persuasive if you think you can give that's amazing the link is in the description is team trees.org there's also a donate button there as well to make it super easy any amount that you can give is really appreciated all the ad revenue that comes to me from this video will go straight to team trees as well if you feel like you can't donate that's okay maybe think about spreading the word a little bit i think this is achievable and what an amazing thing to be part of i hope you want to be part of it too i hope you enjoyed this video if you did don't forget to donate and i'll see you next time [Music] sse and scottish power are british pioneers in renewable energy they strive to take one step greener at scale by leading the world in their offshore wind farm capabilities by continuing to invest in renewable energy sse and scottish power are creating thousands of green jobs in the uk today we meet two apprentices who are at the start of their journeys in renewable energy javita beeston works on scottish powers east anglia one wind farm i had chosen to work in this industry i've always been interested in renewables and i like to see the changes that kind of happen in my role i'm going offshore and i'm kind of fixing the turbines if there's any problems with them fixing something like a generating a turbine it's just so rewarding so that i can make a difference and it's impacting other people on shore my favorite part of my training has definitely been the city survival so this is where they kind of practice emergency situations so like a man overboard there could be a fire and a substation i absolutely adore it's really good it's fun to know that i'm actually kind of making a difference and i'm impacting like today's climate which is really nice to know gosh powers capan and three more wind farms to be built as part of the east angler hub just to be 100 green and clean and hope and kind of influence enough companies and other people to kind of get involved in that and be a part of it jasmine allen is 21 from beckles in suffolk she joined sse renewables as an apprentice alongside 100 other recruits in september 2019. quite common things that we're doing at the moment are our preventive maintenance for the year just making sure that our cranes are working you may be doing the same job but you never know what you're going to face on the day so it's always different which is really nice sse is investing four million pounds a day in low carbon energy and electricity projects over the next five years here at the greater gabard wind farm we have 140 turbines we are roughly creating 500 megawatts of power which is enough to power half a million homes ssc is going one step greener by spending 7.5 billion pounds over the next five years we are creating wind farms like sea green and eventually we will have the largest wind farm in the world which will be dogger banks i think it's really important to do a job that makes a difference to the climate because we need to make a change scottish fare's going one step greener by producing 100 green clean electricity east angular 1 offshore wind farm is a massive part of this but however moore and farms need to be built to kind of help the uk reach their climate targets i would love to see governments and countries kind of agree unite and make an action that kind of makes a massive difference i think the action does need to be taken renewables is the future and i think there will be lots of opportunities in the years to come and i think cop 26 can help to do that we committed to reduce methane emissions by at least 30 percent by 2030 and in particular reduce oil and gas methane emissions by 75 percent by 2030. on electricity we've committed to phasing out coal fired electricity by 2030 we're going to ensure that all new vehicle sales are zero emission vehicles and that we have a net zero grid by 2035. this is something we've said a number of times and people have remarked upon here at cop that we're not just saying we need to move forward as a world we ought to do things canada is showing that we are doing things we're making big decisions at home and encouraging people around the world to do more as well because climate change doesn't recognize borders at cobb i've spoken to dozens and dozens of leaders driving ambition deepening cooperation today with partners like the imf world bank and the world trade organization we're calling to bringing in carbon pricing to triple it on emissions up from about 21 of emissions covered by a price on pollution around the world to get to 60 covered by a price on pollution by 2030. we're working with germany and other partners on reaching that 100 billion dollars a year commitment that was made at paris that is as yet unfulfilled we're getting close there's still more work to do that stephen and others are going to keep pushing on over the coming days [Music] is they've been uh past five days extremely busy for our canadian delegation from uh our first stop in the netherlands where we talked about trade and shared values and the work we need to continue to do with strong allies on multilateralism and promoting democracy to the g20 in italy where we brought the world together to recognize 1.5 as a target to commit to reaching net zero by the middle of the century these are things that we're going to have to continue to push on that involved working on vaccines and global supply chains and economic growth strengthening our support for people who are struggling with affordability at the same time as we show leadership on the big issues that the world is facing so from climate action to vaccines to progressive trade we focused on what matters to canadians clean air and good jobs beating covet 19 and doing our part to build a stronger healthier world it's been a busy number of days but canada has been there to do the hard work and to continue doing the hard work over the coming days uh to build a better future not just for canadians but for everyone david cochran from cbc news hi there prime minister uh i wanted to touch on your session this morning on on pushing for a global minimum price on carbon you had like-minded allies there from europe multilateral organizations who are clearly supportive of this but missing biggest traded partner biggest economy the united states a national carbon pricing plan is not part of what joe biden is proposing so how big of an obstacle is that to achieving this goal i think we all recognize that the biggest obstacle is figuring out how we're all going to live up to our commitments to arrive at net zero emissions by 2050 how we're going to meet our 2030 targets and we know there are many different approaches that every country is going to have to take to reduce emissions to decarbonize their economy to get to net zero and carbon pricing is one of the most effective and cheapest ways to get there economists know that it's one of the most efficient ways of doing it and it's an extremely powerful tool that incentivizes businesses and consumers to make smarter choices making sure that pollution isn't free anywhere is a very smart and powerful idea now countries are beginning to see that what we've done in canada and what has been done elsewhere is extremely powerful for reducing emissions and we're excited about the interest that uh international organizations and other countries are looking at what we've done with so there's lots of work to do but the important thing is reducing those emissions and i am very optimistic that as people look at the hard work of reducing emissions they'll realize that not putting a price on pollution in their jurisdictions is going to mean having to do more more expensively in more complex ways in other parts of their economy and that's what's so appealing about carbon pricing is a [Music] between the g20 and here we've seen some of the other big economies china russia india either holding out or not showing up on a lot of the initiatives you're trying to make progress on the americans are here they're engaged i mean do you think you can convince america to move towards a full carbon pricing regime in all 50 states what i'm pointing out david is that we have a extremely powerful tool that is straightforward that everyone can understand we put a price on pollution to make sure that polluting isn't free and consumers and businesses have the predictability to be able to make choices and investments that will reduce our emissions there are lots of different tools that can be used and every country will pick their options but what we can do is show that it's powerful it's straightforward and it's impactful to do that and that's what we're going to continue to do look a few years ago nobody would have even imagined that we could set a global minimum corporate tax and suddenly we have these are things that are the right ideas that when their time has come people start to adopt and that's what we're going to be pushing very hard around the world i think one of the things we recognize uh is that we're going to need to be continuing to push our levels of ambition what uh we're doing by pushing hard now and pushing on the development of new solutions of technologies of new ways of growing our economy of decarbonizing is going to allow us to continue to be even more ambitious what we decide right here is going to be important but as we continue to push and be even more ambitious as we support people with good jobs in our communities and around the world as we support the developing world with the need to reduce emissions and provide energy for their citizens in ways that don't contribute to accelerated greenhouse climate change these are the things we need to do so yes i am confident we're going to be able to stay on that track to one for 1.5 because i am confident we are going to continue to keep pushing ourselves and each other to be more and more ambitious mia robson from the canadian press uh the the president of the european commission talked about border carbon adjustments that they're planning to do just curious in terms of preventing carbon leakage or sort of pushing for this global carbon price that you're talking about what role could those play in canada are you seriously considering it we know for example that canada produces some of the cleanest aluminum in the world what uh what we're doing right now in different parts of the country uh and what uh we're innovating with alesis which is a a not just uh energy but inputs and processes for net zero aluminum is something that is extraordinarily valuable to discerning consumers around the world but we are right now competing with aluminum around the world that can be sold at even cheaper prices because it is done in dirtier ways with significantly lower labor standards i don't think that's the kind of world we want where people who do the right things the right way get penalized and people who do the wrong things the wrong way get advantages so all we're looking at and what the conversations are all about right now whether it's a global minimum standard for a price on pollution or border adjustments or what have you is a way of making sure a level playing field and that those who are stepping up and doing everything they can to reduce their emissions to demonstrate new technologies that will be effective are not penalized before they can even begin [Music] m there more your government should be doing to make the us aware of the role canada's critical minerals could play in fixing some of the supply chain problems did you raise that with president biden over the last few days and did you also raise the issue of their uh tax proposed tax credit on electric vehicles and the impact it will have on canada over the past number of days i've had many many interactions uh with president biden one of them the supply chain event in uh at the g20 in rome uh was specifically focused on uh things uh like the two issues you brought up uh uncritical minerals for example canada and australia who was sitting beside me have access to a large numbers of the critical minerals that are needed in the production of batteries in the production of modern technologies but again the challenge is the extraction and the processing of those in our countries is more costly because we have higher environmental standards higher labor standards than uh the countries that are right now busy cornering the market on uh those sorts of productions so the conversation we had is about well how much is it of value to developed countries to have a secure friendly source of those critical minerals that are done in better and more responsible ways even though obviously they may be a little more expensive and having those conversations about you know it's worth it particularly as we come through kovit to make sure we have strong supply chains so supply lines that are reliable and not subject to coercive practices or or manipulate manipulation these are the conversations we're having and on on the auto sector the fact that canada is as committed as we are to producing zero emission vehicles that we're already seeing changes in our auto industry that our auto industry is so tremendously interwoven with that of the united states and has been for 50 years means that i know we're going to be able to work together to develop electric cars and to make sure that canada as the number one export destination for cars made in the united states continues to be able to work hand in hand in our auto sector with the united states including on electric vehicles mr michael couture with global national there's a high cost to coming to summits like this one considering all of the emissions the carbon footprint and the risk of covid19 for not only you but your entire delegation so i was wondering was it worth the lack of results that you're leaving with today on climate action i mike i totally disagree with the premise of your question what we've actually seen today whether it's the commitment to reduce our oil and gas methane emissions by 70 percent by 2030 whether it's the work that we've been doing with germany to push the world towards that one billion dollars in climate finance sorry 100 billion dollars in climate financing that the world so desperately needs uh whether it's being able to as you saw this morning promote carbon pricing as a powerful effective and politically saleable way to reduce emissions in the most efficient way in the dozens and dozens of conversations i've had with world leaders on everything from better infrastructure for smile island developing states like the caribbean that are faced with increasing storms but need to build climate resilient infrastructure and decrease their emissions whether it's conversations about the climate crisis in sub-saharan africa with some of our african partners uh whether it's a working hand-in-glove with asian partners on investments in infrastructure in protecting our oceans this is the world coming together to pay heed to the greatest crisis that our citizens are calling us to do more on and quite frankly our citizens and future generations will suffer from if we don't act decisively so yes it is a good thing that the world be coming together here this week in glasgow the follow-up i just wanted to ask you the liberal platform it promised to end coal exports from and through canada by 2030 your news release yesterday dropped the reference to exports through canada so are you going to end exports of u.s coal through canada by 2030. we've committed to end thermal coal exports by 2030. the details are being worked out by our environment minister by our natural resources minister but we made very strong commitments in our campaign commitments that we've delivered on just a few months later today whether it's the 75 percent on oil and gas methane reductions whether it's uh capping and cutting emissions in the oil and gas sector which we are the first major oil and gas producing country to do that or whether it's leading the world on carbon pricing these are things that we laid out to canadians we would do just a few months later we're doing them hi prime minister jay p tasker from cbc news your new environment minister is an outspoken critic of nuclear energy is called for nuclear power plants in this country to be shut down do you still see a role for nuclear energy as we start to transition to cleaner energy in canada is there still should we still rely on nuclear power to get us through i think we're going to need every different alternative uh to be pursued and explored fully as we try to get off fossil fuels as a world in time to prevent more than 1.5 degrees in global temperatures and that means investing more in wind investing more in solar and yes exploring nuclear we have a number of provinces that are working hard on small modular reactors and i'm not going to prejudge uh the outcome of what will be the right energy mix for us in the coming decades and i'm certain it's going to continue to evolve so i'm not taking anything off the table canada has a strong history in nuclear nuclear energy and we will continue to look at all ways to make sure we're preventing this planet from hitting the catastrophic climate change level just on a totally separate topic as you know the canadian flag has been half mass on federal buildings now for seven months remembrance day is next week what's your plan when will you start to raise those flags on federal buildings we continue uh to work very closely with partners with indigenous peoples with communities across the country there is an understanding of how important it is to be able to lower the flags on remembrance day to mark our veterans to mark people including indigenous peoples who've stepped up to fight for canadian values and paid the ultimate sacrifice and i am confident that the conversations with indigenous leadership on making sure we are able to lower the flags once again on november 11th will come at the right solution ok foreign hello heather schofield from the toronto star as you said off the top you've signed on to quite a few commitments here and you know deforestation it looks like it will touch to the heart of you know british colombia's economy and new brunswick uh quebec your zero emissions vehicles touches the auto industry in ontario the oil and gas cap and the methane reductions obviously touch the oil oil stands very very closely are we ready for this i think canadians know that the world is changing our economy is changing and quite frankly climate change is a reality that is going to transform our lives whether whether we reach 1.5 degree or not canadians also know that even as we face changes and transformations in the way we live work and play there is also a tremendous opportunity to lead to be successful to create solutions that are beneficial to canadians indeed to the entire world canadians know how to step up we know how to work hard we know how to innovate we know how to create solutions from energy workers in alberta to scientists in quebec and ontario to loggers right across the country in every corner of the country there are people working hard to build a better future for themselves for their kids for their community for their country right now we're seeing the country come together to say this is our moment this is the moment where as canadians and indeed as a world we need to make that transformation happen and it's so much better to be leading it than to be dragged along behind so given all those commitments uh is is it time then for to increase your ambition and go above the 40 to 45 percent by 30 20 30 every step of the way we haven't just placed ambitious targets forward we've demonstrated a concrete plan to achieve those targets by bringing in a price on pollution early on in our mandate we were able to be confident that we were going to surpass the 30 reduction target that we inherited from the previous government and as we saw our capacity to go even beyond it we set a new target of 36 that we knew we'd be able to achieve and now as it is very clear we're going to be able to achieve that 36 percent and beyond we've set another target of 40 to 45 and we're going to continue to look to increase our our ambition but every step of the way we're not going to do what so many governments in canada's past and indeed around the world have continued to do which is set targets without a concrete plan to meet them i look forward to presenting even more ambitious targets in the future but we will ensure that before we set new targets we are able to achieve the ambitious targets that we've just set out here at copp glenn mcgregor cd news uh in your response to my colleague mike you listed uh all the things that you think were accomplished over the past two days i can't believe you think this was a complete success what things did you were hoping to see here uh in glasgow didn't happen and can you explain maybe why they didn't happen well first of all glenn um this is day two of a two-week uh conference of the parties uh the work that is going to be done over the coming two weeks by uh extraordinary canadian delegations by our environment minister and by the many other ministers who are coming to lend a hand is going to be difficult but is going to be incredibly important and what we were able i think as canadians and as partners to many countries around the world to set as a level of ambition as a level of urgency to dive into those negotiations that will finally come out of cop 26 i think is off to a great start but you're right to be cynical glenn because we've seen um hard things not get done in the past but that's no reason to not continue to believe that we can push harder and bring more people along and rise to the moment that quite frankly citizens around the world are expecting of us collectively you say you are hopeful of raising the targets and you also say that carbon pricing in your view is the most efficient way of hitting those targets is there a linkage there could you see a point where canada's carbon pricing increases uh above and beyond it's the current rate that it's rising at sweden's at i think a 130 u.s far ahead of us uh where we will be for many years do you see in the next in the short term medium term long term uh increasing the speed with which the rate that which you're pricing carbon one of the key elements of carbon pricing and what makes it so successful as a measure to drive down emissions is the predictability is that companies that are looking at investments that will you know be impacting the way they do business over the next decade over the next two decades want to know what the best way to invest in now so the fact that we've set a very ambitious track for our carbon price that rises by 15 dollars a year all the way up to a hundred and seventy dollars a year 770 dollars a ton by 2030 is exactly the kind of strong clear price signal that investors in canada and businesses in canada will know that it's worthwhile to keep emissions down it's worthwhile to innovate and for people around the world it's worthwhile to invest in canada because we are serious about tackling climate change we've laid out the trajectory until 2030. of course as we approach 2030 i'm sure there will be more conversations by future governments about what that trajectory needs to be and looks like in the coming decades but we won't be the only ones in the world having that conversation by then because we're very optimistic we're going to be able to get to tripling the amount of emissions covered by carbon pricing in the coming years we'll take one last question it's uh john woodside canada's national observer i want to follow up on this deforestation pledge this summer really showed the threat posed to canadian forest by wildfires and with a certain amount of warming locked in these are only going to get worse we also know that wildfires are made worse by monocropping and glyphosate spraying so what if anything will canada do to make sure the quality of forests are protected not just the quantity of trees excellent uh excellent questions you know canada is home to one of the uh largest uh continuous forests in the world and we have a responsibility to protect it we've seen the impact of global temperatures rising that are rising twice as fast in canada as elsewhere in the world on those forests and we have a responsibility to be stewards of them i'm happy to turn it over to uh minister gilbo who was there at the forest's announcement today while i was at an ocean's announcement to talk about how we're going to make that a reality stephen yeah the approach is really changing in the way we look at at forestry and and linking it to obviously the climate crisis but also by biodiversity so i think these things go hand in hand and i think this is the new approach that we're seeing on on the global scale and certainly an approach in canada that we're moving towards in partnership with indigenous peoples uh and certainly the the very ambitious targets that canada has set in terms of protecting our our land mass and our oceans as well were amongst the leaders in the world that have made that commitment for you know 25 by 25 and 30 by 30 but obviously it has to be done right from a biodiversity perspective and uh just as a follow-up i just want to switch gears just a little bit with uh trans mountain with both of you here so uh trans mountain it's not even halfway built it's a far over budget the energy regulator forecasts show the demand isn't there it's being built to move a harmful product and the international energy agency is practically screaming there can be no more fossil fuel projects in a 1.5 degree world so i'd like to know why should other countries here take canada seriously when it claims climate leadership when it won't take decisive action on something this night and day first of all as a world we continue to need fossil fuels and will for a few more years while we do it's important that we innovate that we transform our energy mix to reduce the amount of carbon emitted both in the production and the transport of those fossil fuels that are still necessary these are issues that we have grappled with the canadians grappled with in the last two elections and continue to understand that we need to move forward on fighting climate change and managing the transition as effectively and ambitiously as we possibly can that's what canadians have trusted this government to do and that's what we will continue to do